Multicriteria Risk Assessment in Small and Medium-Sized Ship Repair Enterprises During the Repair of Ships Using Alternative Fuels

Abstract

The article addresses the issue of risk assessment in small and medium-sized ship repair enterprises servicing ships that operate on alternative fuels. The characteristics and properties of the most commonly used alternative fuels in maritime transport—liquefied natural gas, petroleum gas, ammonia, hydrogen, and methanol—are presented. Various criteria have been developed depending on the type of fuel used and its specific features. A multicriteria analysis is used to assess the risk associated with different types of fuels. Using the TOPSIS method, three evaluation scenarios have been developed. Different weights have been assigned to certain criteria that directly impact humans and the risk of damage. It has been found that the lowest risk to crew members and the ship itself occurs when using liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. The highest risk is associated with the use of ammonia and methanol. The use of hydrogen as an alternative fuel plays a relatively neutral role in risk assessmen